India is making strong progress in renewable energy as part of its focus on sustainable development and climate action. As of March 31, 2024, the country’s total estimated renewable energy potential reached 2,109,655 megawatts. This power potential comes from different sources such as wind, solar, biomass, small hydro, and cogeneration from bagasse.

Wind power stands out as the largest source of renewable energy in India. It has an estimated potential of 1,163,856 megawatts, which is about 55% of the country’s total renewable energy capacity. Wind projects are mostly located in areas with steady and strong wind speeds, which helps generate a significant amount of power throughout the year.

Solar power is the second major contributor. India has an estimated solar energy potential of 748,990 megawatts. This represents 36% of the total renewable energy potential. With large stretches of land receiving high levels of sunlight for most of the year, especially in the western and southern parts of the country, India is well-positioned to use solar energy on a large scale.

Large hydropower also contributes to the renewable mix. The estimated potential for large hydro projects is 133,410 megawatts. This makes up about 6% of the total renewable energy potential in the country. Large dams and river-based projects continue to play a role in India’s clean energy goals, especially in the hilly and river-rich regions.

Small hydropower (SHP) also has a good presence, with an estimated capacity of 21,134 megawatts, or 1% of the total potential. These are mostly mini and micro hydro projects in remote and hilly regions, where larger plants may not be possible. They serve as a good solution for localized and off-grid energy needs.

Biomass power is another important source, with 28,447 megawatts of potential, which is about 1% of the total. Biomass includes energy from agricultural waste, forest residues, and other organic materials. It provides a way to use waste material productively and helps reduce pollution.

Cogeneration from bagasse, a byproduct from sugar mills, also contributes 13,818 megawatts. This accounts for another 1% of the total. This type of power generation is especially efficient in sugar-producing regions, where bagasse is available in large amounts.

The renewable energy potential in India is not evenly spread. Some states have a much higher potential than others. Rajasthan leads with 428,322 megawatts, making up 20% of the total. Maharashtra comes next with 248,665 megawatts, or 12%. Gujarat follows with 220,505 megawatts, accounting for 10%. Karnataka also contributes 205,648 megawatts, another 10%. Together, these four states make up more than 52% of India’s total renewable energy potential. This shows their vital role in the country’s clean energy future.

India’s commitment to clean energy is clear through its growing focus on all types of renewables. With the right planning and policies, the country can use this large potential to reduce emissions, ensure energy security, and support economic growth.